Methodology in Mathematical Processes:The King's Calendar' is a computer generated mathematical synchronous chronological presentation of the history of Ancient Israel, as principally recorded in the Biblical books of Kings and Chronicles, and sets forth Apologetics for and the results of R.P.BenDedek's discovery of an "artificial chronological scheme" running through the Books of the Bible, Josephus,the Damascus Documents of the Dead Sea Scrolls, and Seder Olam Rabbah. Because this artificial calendar is presented from within a Gregorian calendar, it cannot be asserted that these New Year dates approximate the associated months in the Babylonian Calendar, (by reason of the variable length of the Babylonian Year). Generally, Biblical Chronological Data in relation to specific Kings, is provided in 'whole' years, not parts thereof. By this is meant that there is almost no reference to specific events occurring in specific months.
Methodology of The Secret of Qumran: ('King's Calendar').
From Appendix 10 of 'The Secret of Qumran' and reproduced here because it is pertinent to the issue of Assumptions and Limitations. The article on assumptions and limitations was originally reproduced as a seperate file because it was pertinent to an article entitled: Noah and the Flood and the Date of Creation.
It is assumed that 'original' Biblical (Historical) Chronological data was transcribed into an artificial calendar, and that that calendar consisted of years comprised of 336 days each, which had their origins in a 364 day solar calendar, as was believed in by the Dead Sea Sect.
The redactorial encryption of this artificial calendar occurred between the 5th and 3rd centuries BCE., and was accomplished 'presumably' by the 'Proto-Essenes' or 'Hasidim' of Babylon, who saw an artificial period of 70 years of Sabbath Rest visited upon the land (2 Chronicles 36:21), in consequence of 490 years (Leviticus 25:4) of past Monarchal History in which it did not occur.
The redactorial creative process of the artificial calendar reduced each true Solar year by one and one quarter days, which must be corrected in order to accurately portray the true solar history of Israel.
The 'Hypotheses' may be broken down into Six Assumptions.
Assumption One
The biblical (and extra biblical) data is recorded in artificial 'years' of 336 days each, and that this data can be measured against 'real' history/time and synchronised with it.
Assumption Two
That the artificial construct was derived from a 'Perceived' Solar Calendar comprised of 364 days.
Assumption Three
That there is contained within the encoded data, an inherent one and one quarter day error, for each true solar year that was erroneously assigned the value of 364 days.
Assumption Four
That the original number of 'full value 365.25 day' solar years of Israelite History used to create the artificial calendar, can be reconstructed.
Assumption Five
That the formula for constructing the artificial calendar was 'X' times 364 equals 'Y' days divided by 336 equals 'Z' artificial years.
'X' being any given number of historical 'real' years multiplied by the 364 perceived days in a year resulting in 'Y' number of days calculated divided by the 336 days assigned for an artificial year to create 'Z' artificial years.
Therefore 'Z' = 1.083X. The figure 'Z' (artificial years) represents the original number of the converted years plus 8%.
The reverse process must be 'Z' times 336 equals 'Y' divided by 364 to equal the Number of 'X' years converted.
Assumption Six
That in order to generate a calendar that reflects both the 'True and Original' Solar year history, as well as the artificial history, the missing one and one quarter days per true solar year converted must be reinserted into the artificial calendar that is created, in order to reflect the 'Actual' solar years elapsing during that history.
Methodology
Step One:
Select a commencement date.
The first trial artificial calendar created was commenced on 1.7.934 BCE as an equidistant point in a randomly selected year within a range of years available for the commencement of the divided kingdom. From this it was determined that an artificial calendar of 336 days per year was effective in eliminating many of the various synchronistic difficulties within the Biblical Narrative.
As recorded in Chapter One and discussed in Chapter Two, however, it was eventually calculated that the insertion or synchronisation point within the Babylonian Calendar was the 9th day of the fourth month, and from this it was determined that the First Day of the Artificial Calendar for that year, was 17.4.586 BCE. Nevertheless, two calendars were generated, one for 586 BCE and one for 587 BCE as current academic opinion favoured 587 BCE as the year in which Solomon's Temple was destroyed.
Step Two:
Generate a computerised calendar.
It was necessary to create a computer program that would generate a consecutive and continuous 'calendar of days' over a two thousand year period.
The first such calendar using 1.7.934 BCE as its commencement date was organised by a friend. Sometime later the task of duplicating this calendar was assigned to a company which hired a professional to accomplish the task.
Once it was determined that the two productions were similar in results, a commission was given to generate a number of other calendars for use in experimenting with the 336 day year.
Step Three.
Divide the calendar into periods of 336 days
Creating these divisions provides a base from which to reconstruct the original data. The 336 day periods of artificial years however contained an accumulating error, which needed to be corrected.
These divisions of 336 days give an approximation however of what the 'redactorial instigators' intended, although such is incorrect by virtue the inherent error.
Step four.
Divide the data into 13 year blocks (representing 12 solar years)
Since a 364 day calendar year will devalue true 'solar years' by 15 days over twelve solar years, thirteen artificial year 'blocks' were marked out, for the purpose of artificially re-instating the 15 missing days.
Step Five.
Offset the inherent error.
This was achieved by adding an extra day to Eleven of the Thirteen artificial years, extending them to 337 days, and adding two extra days to the remaining two artificial years extending them to 338 days. In this manner the fifteen days per (12 solar) 13 artificial years is restored.
Via this process it was observed that the date of each of the thirteen artificial New Year Days, reoccurs every thirteen artificial years.
Step Six.
Record adjusted new year dates.
Having reinserted the missing days, Each 'Artificial Year's New Year Day' was identified and noted.
Step Seven.
Compare the data with chronological samples.
Samples of Artificial chronologies include not only Biblical records, but extra biblical records contained in the works of Josephus, and the chronological references in the 'Damascus Document' of the Dead Sea Scrolls.
The chronological data of each of these samples was measured in artificial years within the calendar.
Result: The various samples were observably synchronous.
Since the calendar operates on the principle of 'lineal causality', it proceeds on the same principle known as the 'ripple effect'. It MUST continue in a straight line without deviation. If it is demonstrably (Chronologically) in error in one place, is MUST be chronologically in error EVERYWHERE else.
This by no means requires that all of the conclusions and applications of data contained within the 'King's Calendar' MUST be correct. It means only that the principle of the 'artificial year' is a constant with a constant value (relatively speaking). [The arbitrary reconstruction of the calendar does allow for some 'real time' variation in individual 'year' applications].
The Calendar of course, can only be as correct as is the chronological data upon which it relies, and some of that data has been revealed, (by virtue of failed synchronisms) to be incorrect.
The Limitation of an Artificial Calendar
Generally, Biblical Chronological Data in relation to specific Kings, is provided in 'whole' years, not parts thereof. By this is meant that there is almost no reference to specific events occurring in specific months.
Given that the reconversion of the artificial years into solar years does not approximate 'whole' solar years, that is to say, they do not fall on or around anticipated 'First of Nisan' dates, the data contained in them, must be comprised not only of 'whole' years in which kings reigned, but accession year months as well.
Therefore, it is further speculated, that this data is meant only to indicate that point within a solar year, that the kings ascended to their thrones.
Because this artificial calendar is presented from within a Gregorian calendar, it cannot be asserted that these New Year dates approximate the associated months in the Babylonian Calendar, (by reason of the variable length of the Babylonian Year).
The Premise: Between the 5th and 3rd centuries BCE (but continuing down to at least 104 BCE), Sectarian redactors transcribed the legitimate 'solar year' chronological records of Israel and Judah, into an artificial form, with listed years as each comprised of 12 months of 4 weeks of 7 days, or 336 days per year, thus creating a 13th artificial year where 12 solar years existed.
When the Synchronous Chronological Data provided in the Books of Kings and Chronicles for the Divided Kingdom Period are measured in years of 336 days, the synchronisms actually align. [Refer to Appendix Five to see how it synchronises the Divided Kingdom Period]
General formula for Biblical Data conversion:
The formula for constructing the artificial calendar was:
'X' times 364 equals 'Y' days
'Y' days divided by 336 equals 'Z' artificial years.
Values are:
'X' = any given number of 'real/solar' years
364 = perceived days in the sectarian calendar
'Y' = number of days calculated
336 = number of days in an artificial year
'Z' = artificial years = 1.083'X' and represents the original number of the converted years plus 8%.
To reverse the process by hand:
'Z' years times 336 equals 'Y' divided by 364 equals the Number of 'X' years converted.
To see how effective this method is, SEE:Appendix 5:Diagrammatic Reconstruction of Israelite History from 936 to 586 BCE:
The Principle of Linear Causality
The King's Calendar is a very simple approach to Biblical Chronology. It substitutes a value of 336 days for every year listed in Scripture. As far as the Divided Kingdom is concerned, when you use this 336 day year value, the synchronisms actually work. To see how effective this method is, SEE:Appendix 5: Diagrammatic Reconstruction of Israelite History from 936 to 586 BCE
Because it is a mathematical system, the King's Calendar must abide by certain mathematical rules, the most important of which, is that if you change any date for any day, month, or year every other day, month, or year is effected and must also change. It's like a 'domino effect'. Chronological references cannot be 'forced' to fit, and nor can they simply be ignored or 'compressed' as is the usual case with historians and archaeologists.
If any King's Calendar chronological determination disagrees with anything in the history books, it must argue the case as to why the history books are wrong, or why the evidence for an assertion is untrustworthy. If the King's Calendar successfully defends its' position, then the history books cannot be treated as definitive, and if the King's Calendar is 'proven' wrong, then every other chronological reference it provides is also wrong.
Because of this, the King's Calendar Chronological Reconstruction of Israel's history is unique, in that its' methodology can be scientifically (mathematically) tested and demonstrated to be either true or false. Its' chronological predictions are able to be 'proved' or 'disproved'.
Copyright 2013 is held by the nominated authors on this article page.
About the KingsCalendar Publisher
R.P.BenDedek is the owner and Editor of KingsCalendar.com which was originally set up to publicize his research results into the Chronology of Ancient Israel. Those results were published under the title: 'The King's Calendar: The Secret of Qumran'.
Whilst there have been many attempts to solve the chronological riddle of the Bible's synchronisms of reigns of the kings of Israel and Judah and their synchronism with other Ancient Near Eastern Nations, no other research is based on a simple mathematical formula which could, if it is incorrect, be disproved easily. To date, no one has been able to dismiss the mathematical results of this research.
Free to air Academic articles set forth Apologetics for and results of his discovery of an "artificial chronological scheme" running through the Bible, Josephus, the Damascus Documents of the Dead Sea Scrolls, and Seder Olam Rabbah.
During the current economic downturn, this book has been dramatically reduced in price but will eventually rise as the economy improves.
Check the Chapter Precis Page to see details of each chapter and to gain access to the Four Free to Air Chapters
R.P. BenDedek writes social commentaries and photographic 'Stories from China' both at KingsCalendar, and as a contributing columnist at Magic City Morning Star News in Maine USA.He has been teaching in China since 2003 and currently (2013) is working in Suzhou City Jiangsu Province.
Part 1. The Law, Rules of Evidence & Archaeology Part 2. The Law, Rules of Evidence & Archaeology Part 3. The Law, Rules of Evidence & Archaeology Part 4. The Law, Rules of Evidence & Archaeology
